@article{oai:iwate-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00010583,
 author = {Shen, Ying},
 journal = {岩手大学英語教育論集},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {Japan　and　China　are　close　neighbors　separated　only　bya　strip of water.There 
has been a long history on the cultural exchanges between two countries.Chinese
 characters were grafted onto a non-cognate, syllabic indigenous language with
 subject-object-verb syntax. In the past, neither of the two countries had ever planted
a colony,and noforeign language had ever replaced the native language for 
purposes of general education.We have no second language that is indispensable for 
communication within our community.Books written in Japanese and Chinese are available in the most advanced fields of learning without having to resort to other 
language as a means of instruCtion.As a result, to a great extent, it is very difficult
 for both countries' people to learn an entirely different language like English, though some aspects such as pronunciation and sentence structure of English are much
easier for Chinese to remember than  for Japanese. In contrast with the situation in
most other school subjects, both Japanese and Chinese have to start to lean English
at zero or very close to zero. For them, the spoken English sounds like a strange blur
of noises. The writing system is at best confusing, at most frightening.So there are
some common difficult problems for both  Japanese and Chinese when they are
learning English. Forexample, there is a grammatical distinction in English between
singular and plural, where there is no such distinction in Japanese and Chines.},
 pages = {1--13},
 title = {An Overall Study of English Education in Both Postwar Japan and China},
 volume = {1},
 year = {1999}
}