{"created":"2023-05-15T12:05:52.230768+00:00","id":10611,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"bbb915a0-3a91-46e1-9d5d-7b1579856c10"},"_deposit":{"created_by":3,"id":"10611","owners":[3],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"10611"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:iwate-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00010611","sets":["1523:1528:1533:1546"]},"author_link":["64892"],"item_41_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2011-03-23","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"92","bibliographicPageStart":"81","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"13","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"岩手大学英語教育論集"}]}]},"item_41_date_6":{"attribute_name":"登録日","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_date_issued_datetime":"2013-11-22"}]},"item_41_description_12":{"attribute_name":"Abstract","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"What do we think of when we think of 'New Years', or 'summer,' 'home', or\n'tea cup'? Whenever we happen to think of such seemingly commonplace\nevents, places or things, we are inundated, internally, with a wide landscape\nof images and feelings at a very personal level. These reactions are, to a great\nextent, comprised of symbols of the particular time/event or thing to which our\nthoughts are pointing.\nThis system of interpreting signs and symbols within our culture is called\nsemiotics, and it is a way for us to understand how we communicate within\nour own linguistic domain, and how interpretation of signs and symbols is\npracticed in other cultures. As such, semiotics may be regarded through a\nvariety of disciplines: linguistics, anthropology, art history, philosophy, and\nlanguage education.\nWe may see the word 'north,' for example, and one may call to mind an\nimage of 'snow,' as in Hokkaido in winter or the North Pole. We can say that\nthese images are being pointed to, as symbols of 'north.' In this case, the\nword 'north' is the sign or signifier, and the symbols we have for it-a field of\nwhite snow, polar bears, etc.-are the signified.\nIndeed, we are only able to know things and speak about them with the\naid of signs, replacing them with signs that we hope are understood by others.\nIn fact, according to Charles Peirce, considered the father of semiotics, \"we\nthink only in signs\" (Peirce, 1931). The Swiss pioneer linguist Ferdinand de\nSaussure considered that the sign is the whole that results from the\nassociation of the signifier with the signified (Saussure, 1974). Both Peirce\nand Saussure endeavored to understand how we think and, then,\ncommunicate our thoughts to others, and along with the work of Roland\nBarthes, the field of semiotics was established as a linguistic as well as\nphilosophical discipline.\nBarthes sought to explain the concepts of semiotics in textuality, or how\nwords are arranged in sentences, in paragraphs, and ultimately as a\npresentation of a story through the medium of text. He believed that all\nsigns and symbols in our culture already exist with their own inherent\nmeaning before an author chooses to use them in a text. Barthes wrote,\ntherefore, that since meaning cannot come from the author of a text-a story,\npoem, etc.-then it must be actively created by the reader through a process of\ntextual analysis. ''We should not be bound by what the author said, or thought\nhe was saying, but cede authority to the reader (Merquoir pp. 134-40).\" This\nwas the recognition that the reader is the ultimate 'authority' for his own\ninterpretation of a text, as the meaning of imagery constructed from reading is\ndone exclusively by the reader and for the reader, as an individual. It follows,\nthen, that each of us has our own way to interpret signs and symbols, based\non the way we acquired our understanding of them through education within\nour own culture.\nYet of course, the most important aspect of Barthes' idea is that each of us\npossesses a deeper power of interpretation through our own individual,\npersonal life experiences. Herein lies, too, the potential for personal\nadaptation according to the \"needs\" of the culture. An example is the\n'swastika ': 卐. The author Salman Rushdie tells us, in his book ''Midnight's\nChildren,\" that the word 'swasti' is the Sanskrit word for 'good', and is the\nHindu symbol for power (Rushdie, p. 75). It can also be found in Tibetan\nculture, used to symbolize the never-ending, cyclical movement of the\nuniverse. Yet the very same symbol was adapted by the Nazi Party and its\nmilitary of Germany as its own symbol, and became for many Jews in Europe\na symbol of terror and genocide. What does this sign signify to a religious\nHindu? And to a Jewish refugee from Poland? Certainly we would see\nradically different interpretations of the same sign, due mainly to the\n'reader's' own life experience within their culture.","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_41_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.15113/00010605","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_41_publisher_14":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"岩手大学教育学部英語教育科"}]},"item_41_source_id_25":{"attribute_name":"NCID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AA11362676","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_41_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"1344-7807","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_41_text_4":{"attribute_name":"著者(機関)","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"岩手大学教育学部英語教育科"}]},"item_41_version_type_27":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Unher, Mike"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2016-11-14"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"beeiu-v13p81-92.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"203.6 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"beeiu-v13p81-92.pdf","url":"https://iwate-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/10611/files/beeiu-v13p81-92.pdf"},"version_id":"238f086f-b458-460f-9c9d-c3d9830f1d9c"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"Semiotics，Symbols，and Cultural Perspectives","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"Semiotics，Symbols，and Cultural Perspectives"}]},"item_type_id":"41","owner":"3","path":["1546"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2013-11-22"},"publish_date":"2013-11-22","publish_status":"0","recid":"10611","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["Semiotics，Symbols，and Cultural Perspectives"],"weko_creator_id":"3","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-05-15T13:57:52.038443+00:00"}